Customer journey maps are a representation of the experience a person has as they go through a process or try to complete a task. A journey map shows their actions, thoughts, questions and emotions and how they change at each stage.
They’re a common artefact for customer experience (CX) and user experience (UX) teams, who use them to help guide the design of better products, processes and digital experiences. But why should they have all the fun? Journey maps are a brilliant tool for content professionals too.
Great content is about getting the right message to the right person at the right time, right? So having a map of what your users are thinking, feeling and doing is an invaluable tool to help with that task. What’s more, they can help you join up your content across different channels, online and offline and organisational silos to create a better experience.
There’s so much data and insight available to us about what our users need, what they want and what they’re interested in. You might have access to:
As well as the above, you may also have requests from your colleagues or stakeholders for the content they want to help with their objectives.
It can quickly become like a long ‘to-do’ list of topics, and the context behind them can get lost.
The closest many organisations get to looking at the context and end-to-end journey their users go on is using the ‘funnel’ model, and in turn thinking about ‘upper funnel’ vs ‘lower funnel’ content. The issue with this is that the funnel isn’t a customer-centric or empathetic way of looking at things. That’s because:
‘Funnel thinking’ also misses two big opportunities:
1. Understanding the wider context: Why your customer does the things they do, so you can create content in response.
2. Supporting the customer after they make a purchase or interact with your brand: So that you can give them a better experience and create loyalty and advocacy.
Better still, maps turn those insights into a narrative (and what do us content people love more than a narrative?!), which makes them easier to process and understand.
Create a set of journey maps for key user journeys, and you’ll have the ideal tool for spotting opportunities and prioritising what content to create.
To make your maps, the first thing you need to do is choose the journeys you want to represent. What these are will depend on your organisation, your goals and your customers.
Try to choose journeys that involve a shared goal between you and your customer.
The second thing you need to do is carry out your research and gather your insights. Perhaps the most useful thing to do is speak to some of your users.
Your interviews can be face-to-face or over the phone, and should focus on finding out about their journey at a granular level. Ask them about:
As well as customer interviews speak to your colleagues, especially anyone who interacts with customers regularly. Ask them:
💡 See also: Stakeholder interviews: what to ask and how to ask it
There’s also a host of data that you can look at too:
Once you’ve gathered together all your information, data and intel, it’s time to map them to the customer journey. But before you can do that, you need to work out how you will lay out your map. You need to think about your x and y axis:
Y axis or journey facets: this is where you break down what’s happening at that stage of the journey. At its simplest, this could just be something like ‘thinking’, ‘feeling’, and ‘doing’. You can add lots more facets, depending on the data and insights you have available, for example: activities, channels, touch points, experience, anything goals related, questions etc. Anything that you find useful for inspiring content.
As you map your insights to your x and y axis, be realistic and remember to look at the customer’s entire world.
There’s always outside influences at play - competitors, review sites, friends, family, newspapers - make sure you capture them. Thinking back to our car insurance example, our young driver probably won’t immediately think of one brand, read their content and then buy their insurance. They’ll probably get advice from a parent or a friend, ask for recommendations, or use a comparison or consumer advice service.
Here's a completed user journey map using our template and the car insurance example:
So now you have your maps, you need to use them. They are brilliant assets for planning; studying the map should throw up plenty of gaps, pain points and opportunities where you can add new content, refine existing content, start using a new channel or tweak how you’re using an old one.
Connecting the gaps and opportunities you spot to your KPIs can help you prioritise activities based on impact. For example, if your customer lifetime value is dropping, you could consult the map and look at what’s happening post-purchase and prioritise the opportunities that lie there.
It’s a good idea to print your journey maps out and stick them on the wall (wherever you’re working right now) - that way, they’ll always be in your line of sight to act as a reminder and inspiration. Make a diary note to refresh it with new data and insights on a regular basis. Customers and their habits change and, of course, your efforts will affect what their journey looks like too.
These print-outs can be great conversation starters too. Because they’re customer-focused and channel and platform agnostic, your colleagues and stakeholders could see insight and ideas that interest them and relate to their area of work. You might find that having a big, beautiful map out on display can help open lines of conversation and get collaboration started.
If you want to give creating a map a try to see how they can help your content planning, download our customer journey mapping template. You can also watch this helpful webinar recording (on demand) for an even deeper look at the customer journey mapping process.
Customer journey maps are a representation of the experience a person has as they go through a process or try to complete a task. A journey map shows their actions, thoughts, questions and emotions and how they change at each stage.
They’re a common artefact for customer experience (CX) and user experience (UX) teams, who use them to help guide the design of better products, processes and digital experiences. But why should they have all the fun? Journey maps are a brilliant tool for content professionals too.
Great content is about getting the right message to the right person at the right time, right? So having a map of what your users are thinking, feeling and doing is an invaluable tool to help with that task. What’s more, they can help you join up your content across different channels, online and offline and organisational silos to create a better experience.
There’s so much data and insight available to us about what our users need, what they want and what they’re interested in. You might have access to:
As well as the above, you may also have requests from your colleagues or stakeholders for the content they want to help with their objectives.
It can quickly become like a long ‘to-do’ list of topics, and the context behind them can get lost.
The closest many organisations get to looking at the context and end-to-end journey their users go on is using the ‘funnel’ model, and in turn thinking about ‘upper funnel’ vs ‘lower funnel’ content. The issue with this is that the funnel isn’t a customer-centric or empathetic way of looking at things. That’s because:
‘Funnel thinking’ also misses two big opportunities:
1. Understanding the wider context: Why your customer does the things they do, so you can create content in response.
2. Supporting the customer after they make a purchase or interact with your brand: So that you can give them a better experience and create loyalty and advocacy.
Better still, maps turn those insights into a narrative (and what do us content people love more than a narrative?!), which makes them easier to process and understand.
Create a set of journey maps for key user journeys, and you’ll have the ideal tool for spotting opportunities and prioritising what content to create.
To make your maps, the first thing you need to do is choose the journeys you want to represent. What these are will depend on your organisation, your goals and your customers.
Try to choose journeys that involve a shared goal between you and your customer.
The second thing you need to do is carry out your research and gather your insights. Perhaps the most useful thing to do is speak to some of your users.
Your interviews can be face-to-face or over the phone, and should focus on finding out about their journey at a granular level. Ask them about:
As well as customer interviews speak to your colleagues, especially anyone who interacts with customers regularly. Ask them:
💡 See also: Stakeholder interviews: what to ask and how to ask it
There’s also a host of data that you can look at too:
Once you’ve gathered together all your information, data and intel, it’s time to map them to the customer journey. But before you can do that, you need to work out how you will lay out your map. You need to think about your x and y axis:
Y axis or journey facets: this is where you break down what’s happening at that stage of the journey. At its simplest, this could just be something like ‘thinking’, ‘feeling’, and ‘doing’. You can add lots more facets, depending on the data and insights you have available, for example: activities, channels, touch points, experience, anything goals related, questions etc. Anything that you find useful for inspiring content.
As you map your insights to your x and y axis, be realistic and remember to look at the customer’s entire world.
There’s always outside influences at play - competitors, review sites, friends, family, newspapers - make sure you capture them. Thinking back to our car insurance example, our young driver probably won’t immediately think of one brand, read their content and then buy their insurance. They’ll probably get advice from a parent or a friend, ask for recommendations, or use a comparison or consumer advice service.
Here's a completed user journey map using our template and the car insurance example:
So now you have your maps, you need to use them. They are brilliant assets for planning; studying the map should throw up plenty of gaps, pain points and opportunities where you can add new content, refine existing content, start using a new channel or tweak how you’re using an old one.
Connecting the gaps and opportunities you spot to your KPIs can help you prioritise activities based on impact. For example, if your customer lifetime value is dropping, you could consult the map and look at what’s happening post-purchase and prioritise the opportunities that lie there.
It’s a good idea to print your journey maps out and stick them on the wall (wherever you’re working right now) - that way, they’ll always be in your line of sight to act as a reminder and inspiration. Make a diary note to refresh it with new data and insights on a regular basis. Customers and their habits change and, of course, your efforts will affect what their journey looks like too.
These print-outs can be great conversation starters too. Because they’re customer-focused and channel and platform agnostic, your colleagues and stakeholders could see insight and ideas that interest them and relate to their area of work. You might find that having a big, beautiful map out on display can help open lines of conversation and get collaboration started.
If you want to give creating a map a try to see how they can help your content planning, download our customer journey mapping template. You can also watch this helpful webinar recording (on demand) for an even deeper look at the customer journey mapping process.
Lauren is a freelance content strategy and digital transformation consultant, working with organisations that make the world a better, fairer, more beautiful place.
Lauren has been working in content and digital since way back in 2007 and since then has worked with some of the world’s biggest brands, including adidas, American Express, Microsoft and Tetra Pak.
She lives in Brighton, and loves the Downs, the sea, dystopian fiction and bold lipstick.